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- $Title{Cholesterol}
-
- A Medical Times Patient Education Chart
- (C) Romaine Pierson Publishers, Inc.
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Cholesterol
-
- Good and Bad Cholesterol
-
- Cholesterol is a white, waxy substance your body needs to form cell
- membranes and many hormones. Enough cholesterol is produced by the body to
- meet all its needs. Eating foods rich in cholesterol and saturated fat can
- cause high levels of cholesterol to accumulate in the blood.
- Cholesterol is transported in the blood by lipoproteins. Most of the
- cholesterol is carried by low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This is sometimes
- called the "bad" cholesterol because together with fat and other particles, it
- can cause a thick coating of plaque to form on the walls of the arteries.
- This condition, known as atherosclerosis, is a major health risk.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often called the "good" cholesterol
- because it transports the cholesterol back to the liver, where it is processed
- for removal through the bile.
-
- High and Low Levels
-
- Cholesterol is measured by the number of milligrams (mg) of cholesterol
- per deciliter (dl) of blood. The numbers will fall into one of three ranges,
- as designated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and listed
- on the front of this chart. If your total blood cholesterol level is high,
- your doctor will probably want to obtain a measurement of your LDL levels.
- LDL levels greater than 130 mg/dl are considered a health risk.
- Cholesterol testing involves taking a sample of blood either from your
- finger or arm and should be done by a health professional in a hygienic
- medical setting. The sample should then be sent to a competent and
- experienced laboratory for analysis.
-
- How to Lower Cholesterol
-
- If you have high blood cholesterol, your doctor will advise you to change
- your diet so that you eat fewer foods that are high in cholesterol and
- saturated fats. Cholesterol is found only in animal products. Animal
- products are also the primary source of saturated fats, although a few
- vegetable oils--coconut, palm, and palm kernel--do contain saturated fats.
- It is generally recommended that you consume no more than 300 mg of
- cholesterol each day and that no more than 30% of your total calories come
- from fats, with no more than one-third of that (10% of total calories) coming
- from saturated fats.
- If dietary changes do not lower cholesterol sufficiently, your doctor may
- prescribe medication. Maintaining a desirable weight can also help lower LDL
- and exercise may help raise the level of HDL, the "good" cholesterol.
-
-
- Cholesterol and Saturated Fat Levels of Some Common Foods
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- Cholesterol Saturated
- (mg) Fats (g)
- ---------------------------------------------------------
- (Meat, fish, and poultry
- are 3.5 oz portions)
- Lean T-Bone Steak
- (broiled) 80 4.2
- Lean Ground Beef
- (broiled) 87 7.2
- Fresh Spareribs (braised) 121 11.8
- Roasted Chicken 75 1.1
- (light meat, no skin)
- Roasted Turkey 86 0.4
- (light meat, no skin)
- Swordfish (dry heat) 50 1.4
- Shrimp (moist heat) 195 0.3
- Lobster 72 0.1
-
- 8 oz whole milk 33 5.1
- 8 oz skim milk 4 0.3
- 1 oz cheddar cheese 30 6.0
- 1 whole chicken egg 274 1.7
- 1 slice whole wheat bread 0 0.4
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-